http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/003073.htm
( ?2 O. S& c l8 O( V Z8 PCoughing up bloodEmail this page to a friendShare on facebookShare on twitterBookmark & SharePrinter-friendly version( f- x5 ?8 h. b/ H8 c
Coughing up blood is the spitting up of blood or bloody mucus from the lungs and throat (respiratory tract).
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w, q7 X- V) @Hemoptysis is the medical term for coughing up blood from the respiratory tract.
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Considerations
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6 i. k7 k6 K: K. S2 P5 f& R7 @6 ECoughing up blood is not the same as bleeding from the mouth, throat, or gastrointestinal tract.
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( { m$ @% L, k- O& GBlood that comes up with a cough often looks bubbly because it is mixed with air and mucus. It is usually bright red, although it may be rust-colored. Sometimes the mucus may only contain streaks of blood.: W! [; [& Y; P8 q, f$ o" z
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Causes6 g% \+ b5 h9 t( u
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A number of conditions, diseases, and medical tests may make you cough up blood, including:& h( d, M1 y% h0 V% Q0 _
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Blood clot in the lung
' D: K" _5 x$ G$ c0 Y7 B. M& ZBreathing blood into the lungs (pulmonary aspiration)
5 F+ P( B' ^6 H8 t/ [# N, d1 l0 vBronchoscopy with biopsy! e3 Q+ q9 _( ]6 ~" G; V
Bronchiectasis
, m2 w3 A, ^/ t! R; @& wBronchitis
: R- H6 w1 y6 @ rCancer Y1 c; e& Y; h6 H" Q5 F
Cystic fibrosis* N4 E6 T" B1 j2 _4 t7 Z+ i# a
Inflammation of the blood vessels in the lung (vasculitis)
- l2 S5 ^" W9 B% U* g- ^ _' C+ h4 sInjury to the arteries of the lungs
" O6 l" a9 S! }. K8 U$ Z7 }: gIrritation of the throat from violent coughing (small amounts of blood)
; S8 z% T0 U+ B! z; L7 qPneumonia or other lung infections0 D2 R1 f' ^+ N8 L4 Y' |% ^' X
Pulmonary edema
) X2 |& A' S0 e# lSystemic lupus erythematosus# \$ J4 z' W2 L, f) }: F3 U
Tuberculosis
1 q1 x* K( A; w+ I. VHome Care
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4 ~6 d! R5 j6 W) i2 m Z2 E( d: BCough suppressants may help if this condition is due to throat irritation from violent coughing. However, cough suppressants may lead to airway blockages in some cases. Always check with your doctor before using them.
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k5 U. ?2 {* o! x2 @It is very important to note how long you cough up blood, and how much blood is mixed with the mucus. Contact your doctor any time you cough up blood, even if you do not have any other symptoms.+ r/ `8 c9 l5 c3 H+ r
7 f. |* J, z( N( y- Q7 y/ kWhen to Contact a Medical Professional) z4 P* g/ s5 Y
7 J( U$ ^2 s- y) F+ h2 |Get medical help right away if you cough up blood and have:
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0 X3 ?! _8 J( y% O) JA cough that produces more than a few teaspoons of blood
2 f+ D7 e8 s/ \; Z+ |7 WBlood in your urine or stools
( H2 n8 |& E, {* |* A+ R7 jChest pain, p1 ^3 J$ z2 l+ |& k
Dizziness
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Light-headedness; }6 ]; a! n8 b& C4 ?8 ?2 v. q
Severe shortness of breath0 i! D- L: `8 Q- I
What to Expect at Your Office Visit
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In an emergency case, your doctor will give you treatments to control your condition. The doctor will then ask you questions about your cough, such as:, ~) s" [3 p# `" E& J# R4 E2 T( S, ^
4 g% i0 i0 M6 V. J2 G- SType
- }& v+ Q# a( [% p; [Are you coughing up large amounts of blood (massive hemoptysis)?
`7 A9 n! B2 Y4 v3 wCan you see blood when you cough up something?
% H$ Z7 Z6 j, t fHow many times have you coughed up blood?
3 J, a% ~' R3 W6 E; O/ g* eIs there blood-streaked mucus (phlegm)?! v- ?: h0 h. \7 l1 K* G# @ E# a
Time pattern) l) q" F: r1 o; D; ^
Did it begin suddenly?
+ F+ Z. x/ u% m& KHas it increased recently?
8 T+ l& [6 G; x: y% ]For how many weeks has the cough lasted?
# C g) k) Y* ^ v2 JIs the cough worse at night?( R: Z8 M' w8 i- k! J
What other symptoms do you have?
( Q; g+ d! K* wThe doctor will do a complete physical exam and check your chest and lungs. Tests that may be done include:
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Bronchoscopy, a test to view the airways1 }- G P @2 o
Chest CT scan
Q+ M: a- ^; I' v0 YChest x-ray
7 Z# w2 ]6 p+ U' e6 w i6 bComplete blood count: V9 m4 @* t# {8 _4 y' e1 `
Lung biopsy
) i* b* F- Y( o3 gLung scan; |% r: ~, I: U; m* b( W
Pulmonary arteriography
4 @' J8 w5 X# b4 E; S$ c# c1 hSputum culture and smear
2 e9 u0 Q- s8 R8 \Test to see if the blood clots normally, such as PT or PTT |
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